Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent.
Spanish settlers founded Buenos Aires in 1536, but they left the area five years later because of Indian attacks. A group of settlers from Paraguay, led by a Spanish soldier named Juan de Garay, reestablished Buenos Aires in 1580.
Cape Town
Located on the shore of Table Bay, Cape Town is the second-most populous city in South Africa, and the largest in land area, forming part of the City of Cape Town metropolitan municipality. It is the provincial capital and primate city of the Western Cape, as well as the legislative capital of South Africa, where the National Parliament and many government offices are located.
The Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias, who sailed around the cape in 1488, is said to have named it Cabo da Boa Esperanca (Cape of Good Hope) because he hoped it lay on the way to the riches of Asia. Jan van Riebeeck, an employee of the Dutch East India Company, founded Cape Town. He arrived in April 1652 to set up a refreshment station for the company. By 1657, the first farmers had settled along the banks of the Liesbeeck River.
Sydney
Sydney is the largest and most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea.
After Britain lost its American Colonies in the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783), the British government needed a new place to send some of the convicts overcrowding its prisons. It decided to establish a penal colony in New South Wales. In May 1787, a group of British ships called the First Fleet, carrying about 750 convicts, some of their families, guards, and officials, set sail for Australia under the command of Arthur Phillip. On Jan. 26, 1788, the fleet arrived and raised the British flag at Sydney Cove.